Polysomnography and cardiorespiratory sleep monitoring
Polysomnography and Home Sleep Apnea Testing
Industry clinical and economic procedure passport. Full biological mechanism (MoA), patient preparation protocol, first-choice equipment fleet, integration into the resort's master treatment rooms and market price benchmarks.
Clinical profile
Overnight recording of breathing, blood oxygen saturation, heart rhythm and (with polysomnography) sleep stages to diagnose obstructive sleep apnoea. Use is set by clinical guidelines: polysomnography is the standard, and a home test is acceptable in patients without complicating conditions; questionnaires and wearables do not replace diagnosis.
Every statement links to a publication in the list below. This is a snapshot of published research, not a final assessment of the method: international practice and integrated protocols often run ahead of official publications. Draft based on published research; requires review by a physician. Revision: 2026-10-17.
Where studies show an effect
- Suspected obstructive sleep apnoea after clinical assessment: polysomnography is the standard diagnostic test. [1]
- Without complicating conditions and with signs of moderate to severe apnoea, a home test with a technically adequate device is acceptable. [1]
- Sleep apnoea is widespread and in most cases undiagnosed. [3]
Open questions and study limitations
- Questionnaires and prediction scales should not be used for diagnosis without polysomnography or a home test; after a negative or inconclusive home test, polysomnography is needed. [1]
- AI-based wearables are not yet reliable enough and should be used alongside conventional diagnostics. [5]
- A home test is unsuitable in significant cardiopulmonary disease, respiratory muscle weakness, hypoventilation, opioid use, history of stroke and severe insomnia — polysomnography is needed. [1]
Protocol in studies
- For screening, the STOP-Bang questionnaire is more accurate than the Berlin questionnaire, STOP and the Epworth scale. [4]
Equipment fleet and fit-out
Certified first-choice medical equipment and compatible device systems
Device platform with proven validation of the biological response. Includes built-in biofeedback sensor systems, patient protection protocols and precision dosing of exposure.
Architectural integration and treatment rooms
Resort rooms housing the treatment station (with SanPiN norms and MEP loads)
Unit economics and resort price benchmarks
Market analysis based on a sample of premium sanatoriums, wellness hotels and preventive medicine clinics
Median of prices in industry facilities' price lists, 2026
Prices for this procedure appear in the price lists of 4 industry facilities; the median and interquartile range across facilities are shown (each facility counts once).
Evidence base
Use is governed by clinical guidelines based on a systematic review using GRADE.
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1.
Clinical Practice Guideline for Diagnostic Testing for Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline.J Clin Sleep Med, 2017 · AASM clinical guideline · PMID 28162150Polysomnography is the standard; a home test is acceptable in patients without complications; questionnaires do not replace the test.
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2.
Clinical guideline for the evaluation, management and long-term care of obstructive sleep apnea in adults.J Clin Sleep Med, 2009 · Clinical guideline · PMID 19960649Evaluation, management and long-term care of sleep apnoea in adults.
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3.
Unmasking obstructive sleep apnea: Estimated prevalence and impact in the United States.Respir Med, 2025 · Systematic review · PMID 40957495Sleep apnoea is widespread among adults in the USA and mostly undiagnosed.
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4.
Diagnostic accuracy of the Berlin questionnaire, STOP-BANG, STOP, and Epworth sleepiness scale in detecting obstructive sleep apnea: A bivariate meta-analysis.Sleep Med Rev, 2017 · Diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis · PMID 27919588For detecting apnoea, the STOP-Bang questionnaire is more accurate than the Berlin, STOP and Epworth scales.
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5.
Detection of Sleep Apnea Using Wearable AI: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.J Med Internet Res, 2024 · Systematic review and meta-analysis · PMID 39255014AI-based wearables are not yet accurate enough for routine apnoea diagnosis.
Publications were found in PubMed; titles and journals are given verbatim, conclusions are a brief summary of the abstracts under the conditions of the specific studies. The level shows the volume of published data, not the value of the method: A — Plenty of data: consistent systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs; B — Some data: reviews or several RCTs, results are heterogeneous; C — Little data: single RCTs or controlled studies; D — Scarce data: mainly reviews, observational and experimental studies. The passport is updated as new work is published and with regard to international practice.